Komunikasi Interpersonal Pengasuh dalam Membentuk Sikap Positif Anak Didik Dipanti Asuhan Aisyiyah Pekanbaru

Interpersonal communication is an interaction that is very important in establishing a good relationship between the educator with students at the orphanage. Through interpersonal communication educator can educate and teach students to be better. The aim of this study is to explain how the educator role of interpersonal communication in shaping positive attitudes of students in orphanages and explain interpersonal relationships educator in shaping positive attitudes of the students at the orphanage.This study was conducted in Pekanbaru Aisyiyah Orphanage located at Jalan Ahmad Dahlan Pekanbaru. This study used a qualitative descriptive study describes and interprets the data. Informants in this study were caregivers, students, and leaders Orphanage using techniques purposiv. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation.These results indicate the role of educator in the form of interpersonal communication positive attitude of the students in the Orphanage Aisyiyah Pekanbaru going well. Interpersonal communication between educator with children educated in orphanages instrumental in helping educator to educate and change attitudes of the students at the orphanage so that students in orphanages have the attitude and behavior is good or positive. Educator relationship interpersonal communication in shaping positive attitudes of students in the Orphanage Aisyiyah Pekanbaru also going well. Good interpersonal communication between educator with students forming a good relationship between the educator with the students so that the creation of comfort for students in orphanages so to facilitate educator to educate and nurture students to be better.Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Communication Purposes, Characteristics And Role Of Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relationship, Orphanages And Educato

Physiological effects of environmental acidification in the deep-sea urchin <i>Strongylocentrotus fragilis</i>

Anthropogenic CO₂ is now reaching depths over 1000 m in the Eastern Pacific, overlapping the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ). Deep-sea animals are suspected to be especially sensitive to environmental acidification associated with global climate change. We have investigated the effects of elevated <i>p</i>CO₂ and variable O₂ on the deep-sea urchin <i>Strongylocentrotus fragilis</i>, a species whose range of 200–1200 m depth includes the OMZ and spans a <i>p</i>CO₂ range of approx. 600–1200 μatm (approx. pH 7.6 to 7.8). Individuals were evaluated during two exposure experiments (1-month and 4 month) at control and three levels of elevated <i>p</i>CO₂ at in situ O₂ levels of approx. 10% air saturation. A treatment of control <i>p</i>CO₂ at 100% air saturation was also included in experiment two. During the first experiment, perivisceral coelomic fluid (PCF) acid-base balance was investigated during a one-month exposure; results show <i>S. fragilis</i> has limited ability to compensate for the respiratory acidosis brought on by elevated <i>p</i>CO₂, due in part to low non-bicarbonate PCF buffering capacity. During the second experiment, individuals were separated into fed and fasted experimental groups, and longer-term effects of elevated <i>p</i>CO₂ and variable O₂ on righting time, feeding, growth, and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were investigated for both groups. Results suggest that the acidosis found during experiment one does not directly correlate with adverse effects during exposure to realistic future <i>p</i>CO₂ levels

Heuristic Evaluation for Novice Programming Systems

The past few years has seen a proliferation of novice programming tools. The availability of a large number of systems has made it difficult for many users to choose among them. Even for education researchers, comparing the relative quality of these tools, or judging their respective suitability for a given context, is hard in many instances. For designers of such systems, assessing the respective quality of competing design decisions can be equally difficult. Heuristic evaluation provides a practical method of assessing the quality of alternatives in these situations and of identifying potential problems with existing systems for a given target group or context. Existing sets of heuristics, however, are not specific to the domain of novice programming and thus do not evaluate all aspects of interest to us in this specialised application domain. In this article, we propose a set of heuristics to be used in heuristic evaluations of novice programming systems. These heuristics have the potential to allow a useful assessment of the quality of a given system with lower cost than full formal user studies and greater precision than the use of existing sets of heuristics. The heuristics are described and discussed in detail. We present an evaluation of the effectiveness of the heuristics that suggests that the new set of heuristics provides additional useful information to designers not obtained with existing heuristics sets

Robotic Technologies for Surveying Habitats and Seeking Evidence of Life: Results from the 2004 Field Experiments of the "Life in the Atacama" Project

The Chilean Atacama Desert is the most arid region on Earth and in several ways analogous to Mars. Evidence suggests that the interior of the Atacama is lifeless, yet where the desert meets the Pacific coastal range dessication-tolerant microorganisms are known to exist. The gradient of biodiversity and habitats in the Atacama's subregions remain unexplored and are the focus of the Life in the Atacama project. Our field investigation attempts to bring further scientific understanding of the Atacama as a habitat for life through the creation of robotic astrobiology. This involves capabilities for autonomously traversing hundreds of kilometers while deploying sensors to survey the varying geologic and biologic properties of the environment, Fig. 1. Our goal is to make genuine discoveries about the limits of life on Earth and to generate knowledge about life in extreme environments that can be applied to future planetary missions. Through these experiments we also hope to develop and practice the methods by which a rover might best be employed to survey desert terrain in search of the habitats in which life can survive, or may have in the past

Searching for life with rovers: exploration methods and science results from the 2004 field campaign of the “Life in the Atacama” project and applications to future Mars Missions

LITA develops and field tests a long-range automated rover and a science payload to search for microbial life in the Atacama. The Atacama's evolution provides a unique training ground for designing and testing exploration strategies and life detection methods for the search for life on Mars

Age and baseline values predict 12 and 24-month functional changes in type 2 SMA

The aim of this retrospective study was to establish the range of functional changes at 12 and 24-month in 267 type 2 Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) patients with multiple assessments. We included 652 Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) assessments at 12 month- and 305 at 24 month- intervals. The cohort was subdivided by functional level, Survival of Motor Neuron copy number and age. Stable scores (± 2 points) were found in 68% at 12 months and in 55% at 24 months. A decrease ≥2 points was found in 21% at 12 months and in 35% at 24 months. An increase ≥2 points was found in 11% at 12 months and 9.5% at 24 months. The risk of losing ≥2 points increased with age and HFMSE score at baseline both at 12 and 24-month. For each additional HFMSE point at baseline, the relative risk of a >2 point decline at 12 months increases by 5% before age 5 years (p = 0.023), by 8% between 5 and 13 (p<0.001) and by 26% after 13 years (p = 0.003). The combination of age and HFMSE scores at baseline increased the ability to predict progression in type 2 SMA

European LeukemiaNet 2020 recommendations for treating chronic myeloid leukemia

The therapeutic landscape of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has profoundly changed over the past 7 years. Most patients with chronic phase (CP) now have a normal life expectancy. Another goal is achieving a stable deep molecular response (DMR) and discontinuing medication for treatment-free remission (TFR). The European LeukemiaNet convened an expert panel to critically evaluate and update the evidence to achieve these goals since its previous recommendations. First-line treatment is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI; imatinib brand or generic, dasatinib, nilotinib, and bosutinib are available first-line). Generic imatinib is the cost-effective initial treatment in CP. Various contraindications and side-effects of all TKIs should be considered. Patient risk status at diagnosis should be assessed with the new EUTOS long-term survival (ELTS)-score. Monitoring of response should be done by quantitative polymerase chain reaction whenever possible. A change of treatment is recommended when intolerance cannot be ameliorated or when molecular milestones are not reached. Greater than 10% BCR-ABL1 at 3 months indicates treatment failure when confirmed. Allogeneic transplantation continues to be a therapeutic option particularly for advanced phase CML. TKI treatment should be withheld during pregnancy. Treatment discontinuation may be considered in patients with durable DMR with the goal of achieving TFR

About females and males: continuity and discontinuity in flies

Through the decades of relentless and dedicated studies in Drosophila melanogaster, the pathway that governs sexual development has been elucidated in great detail and has become a paradigm in understanding fundamental cell-fate decisions. However, recent phylogenetic studies show that the molecular strategy used in Drosophila deviates in some important aspects from those found in other dipteran flies and suggest that the Drosophila pathway is likely to be a derivative of a simpler and more common principle. In this essay, I will discuss the evolutionary plasticity of the sex-determining pathway based on studies in the common housefly, Musca domestica. Diversification appears to primarily arise from subtle differences in the regulation of the key switch gene transformer at the top of the pathway. On the basis of these findings I propose a new idea on how the Drosophila pathway may have evolved from a more archetypal system such as in M. domestica. In essence, the arrival of an X counting mechanism mediated by Sex-lethal to compensate for X linked gene dose differences set the stage for an intimate coupling of the two pathways. Its precedent recruitment to the dosage compensation pathway allowed for an intervention in the regulation of transformer where it gradually and eventually' completely substituted for a need of transformer autoregulation